Language: Chinese and English bilingual
ISBN/ISSN: 7030160096
2005; Hardcover;220x300mm;240
The earliest jades known in Sichuan and Chongqing derive from the Daxi Culture in the eastern part of the Sichuan Basin and from other Neolithic remains in the northwest at Yingpanshan, Maoxian County. Jades from the Three Gorges and Yangtze River of Chongqing area are identical in type to those from the middle valley of the Yangtze River, and have certain features in common with the Songze, Xuejiagang and Liangzhu Cultures of the lower Yangtze River valley.
In 1997, the earliest known jades from the Chengdu Plain were discovered in an earthen pit at Sanxingdui, Guanghan. These jade finds date to approximately 4000 years ago and belong to the late Baodun Culture.
Since the 1920’s jades have been found at Sanxingdui in Guanghan. The types are rich and unprecedented in variation, including scepters(zhang), dagger-axe(ge), bi, cong(tubes), knives, spear heads, chisels, adzes, axes, spades, spatulas, etc. Stylistically, Sanxingdui jades are influenced by the Central Plains traditions of Xia and Shang, although the jades also have idiosyncratic, local characteristics.
In 2001, Jinsha site was discovered and was identified as the center of the Shierqiao Culture that succeeds Sanxingdui. Jades and related artifacts found within sacrificial remains at the site are extremely rich and refined in quality, totaling over 2000 in number.
Jades decrease in number and type in Sichuan Basin burials during the Spring and Autumn and Warring States periods, although a large number of jades were recently unearthed from Warring States tombs in the Chengdu Basin. Although most large-scale tombs were plundered, the few jades discovered elsewhere show no influence of earlier Sanxingdui or Shierqiao jade types.
Only a few high quality tombs have been discovered dating to the Han through Tang periods. Excavated tombs have been severely damaged and few jades survived. Eight pieces of a silver threaded jade shroud survive from tomb No.2 at Shuangbaoshan, Yongxing, Minayang.
Jades excavated from the mausoleum of Wang Jian, Emperor of Early Shu of Five Dynasties, in Chengdu, include a large belt, jade tablet with inscription conferring auspicious and posthumous titles, and tablets.
Discovery of jades of Song and Yuan periods are refined in quality, and detailed and sophisticated in working technique. Whatever the subject, all interpretations are characterized by a freshness and spontaneity.
Although many Ming burials belonging to royalty and aristocrats have been excavated in Sichuan, most have been seriously plundered and few jade examples remain.
Qing period jades include the 100 examples discovered in a storage pit of late Qing Dynasty in the center of Chengdu at the Sichuan Hotel. Most are daily used jades. Carving is elegant and polished surfaces brilliant and shiny. All show remains of use.
Table of Contents
Contents
Jades Unearthed from the areas of Sichuan and Chongqing
Chronology
1.Blade
2.Blade
3.Adze
4.Adze
5.Adze
6.Ring
7.Disc(bi)
8.Disc(bi)
9.Disc(bi)
10.Disc(bi)
11.Spear Head
12.Chisel
13.Object in the Shape of an Awl
14.Axe
15.Axe
16.Scepter(zhang)
17.Scepter(zhang)
18.Scepter(zhang)
19.Scepter(zhang)
20.Dagger-axe(ge)
21.Dagger-axe(ge)
22.Dagger-axe(ge)
23.Dagger-axe(ge)
24.Disc(bi) in the Shape of an Axe(qi)
25.Axe-shaped Object
26.Collared Disc(bi)
27.Sword
28.Scepter(zhang)
29.Scepter(zhang)
30.Scepter(zhang)
31.Scepter(zhang)
32.Dagger-axe(ge)
33.Dagger-axe(ge)
34.Dagger-axe(ge)
35.Dagger-axe(ge)
36.Collared Disc(bi)
37.Collared Disc(bi)
38.Collared Disc(bi)
39.Collared Disc(bi)
40.Chisel
41.Chisel
42.Chisel
43.Axe
44.Axe With Narrow Body
45.Knife
46.String of Beads
47.String of Tubular Beads
48.Ten-segmented Tube(cong)
49.Four-segmented Tube(cong)
50.Tube(cong)
51.Tube(cong)
52.Tube(cong)
53.Tube(cong)
54.Collared Disc(bi)
55.Collared Disc(bi)
56.Collared Disc(bi)
57.Collared Disc(bi)
58.Collared Disc(bi)
59.Collared Disc(bi)
60.Collared Disc(bi)
61.Collared Disc(bi)
62.Collared Disc(bi)
63.Collared Disc(bi)
64.Collared Disc(bi)
65.Ring
66.Disc(bi)
67.Disc With Notches
68.Scepter(zhang)
69.Scepter(zhang)
70.Scepter(zhang)
71.Scepter(zhang)
72.Small Scepter(zhang)
73.Small Scepter(zhang)
74.Small Scepter(zhang)
75.Small Scepter(zhang)
76.Small Scepter(zhang)
77.Scepter(zhang)
78.Scepter(zhang)
79.Scepter(zhang)
80.Scepter(zhang)
81.Scepter(zhang)
82.Scepter(zhang) With Incised Emblem
83.Tablet(gui)
84.Dagger-axe(ge)
85.Dagger-axe(ge)
86.Dagger-axe(ge)
87.Dagger-axe(ge)
88.Dagger-axe(ge)
89.Dagger-axe(ge)
90.Dagger-axe(ge)
91.Axe(yue)
92.Axe(qi)
93.Axe(yue) With Animal Mask Decoration
94.Spear Head
95.Spear Head
96.Spear Head
97.Spear Head
98.Knife
99.Axe
100.Axe
101.Axe
102.Adze
103.Adze
104.Adze
105.Adze
106.Adze
107.Adze
108.Adze
109.Chisel
110.Chisel
111.Chisel
112.Chisel
113.Chisel
114.Chisel
115.Chisel
116.Chisel
117.Chisel
118.Chisel
119.Chisel
120.Chisel
121.Chisel
122.Chisel
123.Chisel
124.Chisel
125.Chisel
126.Chisel With Indented Edge
127.Chisel With Indented Edge
128.Chisel With Indented Edge
129.Chisel With Indented Edge
130.Chisel With Indented Edge
131.Chisel With Indented Edge
132.Chisel With Indented Edge
133.Chisel With Indented Edge
134.Chisel With Indented Edge
135.Chisel With Indented Edge
136.Trapezoidal Object With Grooves
137.Oval-shaped Object
138.Tube-shaped Bracelet
139.Bracelet
140.Bracelet
141.Bracelet
142.Bracelet
143.Bracelet
144.Bracelet
145.Ring
146.Ring
147.Ring
148.Slit Ring(jue)
149.Human Head
150.Pendant in the Shape of a Cowrie
151.Plaque With Insect Decoration
152.Ornament
153.Bead
154.Chisel
155.Chisel
156.Chisel
157.Chisel
158.Chisel
159.Chisel
160.Chisel
161.Adze
162.Adze
163.Axe
164.Axe
165.Knife
166.Knife
167.Knife
168.Unidentified Object
169.Scabbard Slide
170.Arc-shaped Pendant(huang)
171.Slit Ring(jue)
172.String of Beads
173.Axe
174.Pig
175.Belt
176.Seal
177.Belt Buckle
178.Bracelet
179.Hairpin Finial With Spiraled Lotus Decoration
180.Belt Ornament With Turtle On Lotus Decoration
181.Belt Hook
182.Pendant With Boy Decoration
183.Belt Plaque With Openwork Two Swans
184.Pendant With Kids-Playing Decoration
185.Belt Plaque With Feline Dragon Decoration
186.Belt Plaque in the Shape of Two Swans
187.Knob of Incense-Burner With Lotus And Egret Decoration
188.Knob of Incense-Burner With Lotus And Egret Decoration
189.Pair of Belt Plaques With Swans Decoration
190.Knob of Incense-Burner With Lotus And Egret Decoration
191.Hairpin Finial With Spiraled Flower Decoration
192.Pendant in the Shape of a Deer
193.Belt Buckle With Swan Decoration
194.Scepter With Grain Decoration
195.Hairpin
196.Hairpin
197.Pendant in the Shape of Two Fish
198.Ornament in the Shape of a Flower
199.Disc(bi)
200.Hairpin
201.Pair of Hairpins
202.Belt Hook
203.Globular Ornament
204.Cigarette Holder
205.Cigarette Holder
206.Thumb Ring
207.Thumb Ring
208.Snuff Bottle
209.Snuff Bottle
210.Pair of Ornaments in the Shape of Leaves
211.Arc-shaped Pendant(huang)
212.Arc-shaped Pendant(huang)
213.Fragment of a Arc-shped Pendant(huang)
214.Arc-shaped Pendant(huang)
215.Ring
216.Ring
217.Slit Ring(jue)
218.Slit Ring(jue)
219.Ornament in the Shape of a Wheel
220.Pendant in the Shape of a Turtle
221.Pendant in the Shape of a Human Carrying a Baby On His Back
222.Pendant in the Shape of Two Phoenixes
223.Pointed Pendant(Xi)
224.Arc-shaped Pendant(heng)
225.Arc-shaped Pendant(heng)
226.Arc-shaped Pendant(heng)
227.Pair of Dragon-shaped Pendants
228.Sword Pommel
229.Sword Pommel
230.Scabbard Chape
231.Scabbard Chape
232.Scabbard Slide
233.Scabbard Slide
234.Sword Guard
235.Disc(bi)
236.Disc(bi)
237.Disc(bi)
238.Ring With Plaited Cord Decoration
239.Ornament
240.Ornament in the Shape of a Bird
