Language: Chinese and English bilingual
ISBN/ISSN: 7030160096
2005; Hardcover;220x300mm;240
Shanxi, encompassing the middle valley of the Yellow River, occupies the area where the Central Plains joins with grasslands. Jinnan(southern Shanxi), one of the various areas where the Huaxia Culture originated, played an important role in 5000 years of Chinese history.
Presently, no jades have been discovered in association with the earliest Yangshao or even earlier Zaoyuan Culture. A cultural peak in the late phase of the Yangshao, represented by the second stage of Miaodigou Culture, is represented by a large number of sites discovered in the southern range of the Zhongtiao Mountains on the northern shore of the Yellow River, in the Su River valley in Yuncheng Basin, in the lower valley of the Fen River in the Linfen Basin, and in the area of central Shanxi, but only the cemetery burials at Qingliangsi① in Ruichen and at Xiajin② in Longshan period sites, as represented by remains of the Taosi③ Culture .
①Very recently a new large-scale Neolithic cemetery was discovered at Qingliangsi in Ruicheng. Three-hundred different status tombs belonging to the late of the second stage of Miaodigou Culture were unearthed and are close in type with early period remains at Taosi in the Linfen Basin.
②Xiajin cemetery, located in the center of the Linfen Basin, compares well with early remains of Taosi, dating to ca.2500 BC.
③The largest scale remains in the middle Yellow River valley are at Taosi. Rich and varied, these finds define the site as a Cultural typed-site dating to ca.2600-2000BC. The Taosi Culture represents a major branch of the Longshan Culture that peaked and developed in the Central Plains. Most jades come from tombs and 200 of 1309 excavated tombs had jade and stone objects. Over 800 different jade and stone types include primitive yue, tablet(gui), bi and cong.
During the Xia and Shang periods, cultural finds continue to appear, with numerous Xia Culture remains but with few jades. Two state sites(fangguo) of late Shang period at Jingjie and Fushanqiao were excavated in 1985 and 2003 and a group of exquisite jades were discovered .
During the Western Zhou period, many enfeoffments and states were located in Shanxi, and many remains and cemeteries have been excavated.
The jades unearthed from the cemeteries of Marquis of State Jin at Qucun are numerous and varied, ranging from ritual to pendant and ornament types, and to utilitarian and burial implements.
In 1980, Shanxi Provincial Committee of Cultural Relics excavated Western Zhou period tombs at Yongninpu, Hongtong County, revealing a batch of jades comparable in style to those of Jin Marquis. Shapes include ge ,gui ,huang ,bi ,tubes and slit rings, which are divisible into ritual, burial, pendant, and bauble type groups.
From 2001 to June of 2005, a group of Western Zhou period burials representing Stage Peng rulers were unearthed at Hengshui, Jiangxian County. The pendants consisted of jade huang sets, bone plaques and agate chain ornaments, etc. all of which are well preserved, high in quality and beautifully worked.
A comparatively large number of jades were uncovered from late State Jin burials in Shanxi, the Shangguo cemetery in Wenxi County, Chengcun cemetery in Linyi County, Xintian remains in Houma, and in southeast Shanxi, the cemetery at Fenshuiling, Changzhi, the cemetery of Changzi, the cemetery of Luhe, Lucheng, and in Taiyuan area the cemetery of Jinshengcun. Jades of Han period and afterward in Shanxi are rarer and only sporadically found.
Table of Contents
Contents
Jades Unearthed from the area of Shanxi
Chronology
1.Hexagonal Object with Indented Edges
2.Tube(cong)
3.Disc with Notches
4.Square Object
5.Set of Two Arc-shaped Pendants
6.Ring
7.Disc(bi)
8.Disc(bi)
9.Blade
10.Blade
11.Pendant in the Shape of an Animal’s Head
12.Axe(yue)
13.Axe(yue)
14.Axe(yue)
15.Axe(yue)
16.Axe(yue)
17.Ring
18.Set of Six Arc-shaped Pendants
19.Blade
20.Blade
21.Blade
22.Ring
23.Arc-shaped Pendant (huang)
24.Arc-shaped Pendant (huang)
25.Tube (cong)
26.Tube (cong)
27.Tube (cong)
28.Axe (yue)
29.Axe (yue)
30.Axe (yue)
31.Axe (yue)
32.Axe(yue)
33.Comb
34.Tablet (gui)
35.Disc (bi)
36.Disc (bi)
37.Disc(bi)
38.Ring
39.Set of Five Arc-shaped Pendants
40.Bone Hairpin with Jade Finial
41.Tube (cong)
42.Axe (yue)
43.Axe (yue)
44.Axe (yue)
45.Axe (yue)
46.Disc (bi)
47.Ornament in the Shape of an Animal Mask
48.Pair of Arc-shaped Pendant
49.Tablet (gui)
50.Axe (yue)
51.Axe (yue)
52.Object with Three Drill Holes
53.Pendant in the Shape of an Owl
54.Ornament in the Shape of a Hawk
55.Pointed Pendant (xi)
56.Ornament
57.Pendant in the Shape of an Animal’s Head
58.Ornament in the Shape of a Stag Head
59.Ornament in the Shape of a Bird
60.Pendant in the Shape of a Fish
61.Ornament in the Shape of a Simplified Bird
62.Pendant in the Shape of a Rabbit
63.Pendant in the Shape of a Rabbit
64.Pendant in the Shape of a Rabbit
65.Pendant in the Shape of a Tiger
66.Pendant in the Shape of a Cicada
67.Pendant in the Shape of a Cicada
68.Pendant in the Shape of a Dragon
69.Pendant in the Shape of a Tiger
70.Arc-shaped Pendant (huang)
71.Tube
72.Axe (yue)
73.Pendant in the Shape of an Owl
74.Pendant in the Shape of a Fish
75.Pendant in the Shape of a Fish
76.Hand-Held Piece
77.Object in the Shape of a Handle
78.Object in the Shape of a Handle
79.Pair of Slit Rings (jue)
80.Pair of Slit Rings(jue)
81.Arc-shaped Pendant (huang)
82.Ornament
83.String of Beads
84.Tablet (gui)
85.Face Cover
86.Set of Pendants
87.Set of Pendants
88.Fish Pendants And Slit Rings(jue)
89.Ornament in the Shape of a Standing Human
90.Pendant in the Shape of a Tiger
91.Set of Pendants
92.Set of Pendants
93.Face Cover
94.Set of Pendants
95.Set of Pendants
96.String of Ornaments
97.String of Ornaments
98.String of Ornaments
99.Pendant in the Shape of a Cicada
100.Object in the Shape of a Handle
101.Arc-shaped Pendant (huang)
102.Human-shaped Pendant (huang)
103.Arc-shaped Pendant (huang)
104.Ornament in the Shape of a Human with a Dragon
105.Ornament in the Shape of a Dragon
106.Slit Ring (jue)
107.Face Cover
108.Two Strings of Neck Ornaments
109.Set of Pendants
110.Dagger-axe (ge)
111.Dagger-axe (ge)
112.Dagger-axe (ge) with a Bird-shaped Butt
113.Ring
114.Pointed Pendant (xi)
115.Standing Human Figure
116.Ornament in the Shape of a Human
117.Standing Human Figure
118.Standing Human Figure
119.Pendant in the Shape of an Ox
120.Figuring of an Ox For Making Sacrifice
121.Pendant in the Shape of an Ox
122.Horse
123.Ram
124.Pendant in the Shape of a Stag
125.Pendant in the Shape of a Bear
126.Pendant in the Shape of a Bear
127.Ornament in the Shape of a Hawk
128.Pendant in the Shape of an Owl
129.Pair of Pendants in the Shape of Phoenixes
130.Mantis
131.Turtle Shell
132.Ornament in the Shape of a Drum
133.Pot
134.Face Cover
135.Necklace
136.Ornament in the Shape of a Monkey
137.Trapezoidal Pendant
138.Object in the Shape of a Handle
139.Hairgrip
140.Hair Ornament
141.Ornament in the Shape of a Dragon
142.Pair of Hand-Held Pieces
143.Pendant in the Shape of an Animal Mask
144.Pendant in the Shape of an Animal Mask
145.Pendant in the Shape of an Animal Mask
146.Pendant in the Shape of an Animal Mask
147.Pendant in the Shape of an Animal Mask
148.Pendant in the Shape of an Animal Mask
149.Pendant in the Shape of an Animal Mask
150.Tube with Animal Mask Decoration
151.Human Figurines
152.Pair ofPendants in the Shape of Tigers
153.Pendant in the Shape of a Rabbit
154.Ornament
155.Ornament
156.Hoof-shaped Ornament
157.Ornament
158.Pointed Pendant(xi)
159.Arc-shaped Pendant(huang)
160.Dagger-axe(ge)
161.Slit Ring(jue)
162.Arc-shaped Pendant(huang)
163.Arc-shaped Pendant in the Shape of a Bird(huang)
164.Dagger-axe(ge)
165.Arc-shaped Ornament
166.Three Tubes
167.Slit Ring(jue)
168.Tube(cong)
169.Ring
170.Ring
171.Ring
172.Ring
173.Ornament in the Shape of a Shield
174.Pendant
175.Ornament
176.Arc-shaped Pendant(huang)
177.Arc-shaped Pendant(heng)
178.Arc-shaped Pendant(huang)
179.Arc-shaped Pendant(heng)
180.Pendant in the Shape of a Dragon
181.Pendant in the Shape of a Dragon
182.Pendant in the Shape of a Dragon
183.Pendant in the Shape of a Dragon
184.Tube
185.Tube
186.Ornament
187.Fitting of a Dagger-axe(ge)
188.Scabbard Chape
189.Scabbard Slide
190.Scabbard Slide
191.Ring-shaped Pommel
192.Pair of Thumb Rings
193.Pair of Pointed Pendants(xi)
194.String of Beads
195.Rings
196.Human Figurine
197.Pendant in the Shape of a Dragon
198.Pair of Pendant in the Shape of Dragons
199.Pair of Pendant in the Shape of Dragons
200.Pair of Pendant in the Shape of Dragons
201.Pair of Pendant in the Shape of Dragons
202.Ring
203.Pair of Arc-shaped Pendants(huang)
204.Belt Hook
205.Sword Guard And Scabbard Slide
206.Pendant in the Shape of a Dragon
207.Pendant in the Shape of a Dragon And a Phoenix
208.Pendant in the Shape of a Dragon
209.Pendant in the Shape of a Dragon
210.Disc(bi) with Openwork Dragons
211.Tripod(ding)
212.Disc(bi) with an Openwork Dragon
213.Pendant in the Shape of a Dragon
214.Ring with Plaited Cord Decoration
215.Ornament with Dragon And Phoenix Decoration
216.Pendant in the Shape of a Dragon
217.Tube
218.Cylindrical Object
219.Pair of Arc-shaped Pendants(huang)
220.Disc(bi)
221.Ring
222.Pendant in the Shape of a Dragon
223.Ornament
224.Pendant in the Shape of a Dragon
225.Ring
226.Pendant in the Shape of a Dragon
227.Pendant in the Shape of a Dragon
228.Pendant in the Shape of a Tiger
229.Hairpin
230.Plugs
231.Disc(bi)
232.Scabbard Chape
233.Scabbard Slide
234.Pair of Matting-Weights in the Shape of Tigers
235.Pair of Matting-Weights in the Shape of Pigs
236.Pig
237.Pig
238.Arc-shaped Pendant(heng)
239.String of Beads
240.Ornament
