Language: English
Published on: 1996-01
Paperback
Introduction: The family Tephritidae is one of the largest families of Diptera. About 4200 species in about 500 genera are currently known throughout the world, most of them occur in the tropical, subtropical and temperate regions, but the greatest diversity of species are found in the tropics. The tephritids are phytophagous and normally called fruit flies, bacause many of these breed in the fruit or flower-heads of plants. However, some tephrititds are leaf-miners, stem- or rootborers, and others are associated with the bamboo shoots. The fruit flies are of the most economically important and comprise many serious pests of commercially grown fruit and vegetable crops. For example, the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann), is one of the world’s distructive fruit pests and is widespread over the Mediterranean areas, most tropical and warm temperate countries. Also some other Ceratitis and Dacus species occur in Africa; Bactrocera species in the tropical, subtropical and warm temperate Old World; Anastrepha and Rhagoletis species in North America north of Mexico, the latter is also found in southern Europe. The major tephritid pests not only heavily damage grown fruit and vegetable plants in the native range, but also can be transported from one part of the world to some distant places. once they are established there, eradication efforts may be extremely difficult and very expensive. The plant quarantines in many countries have to be rigorously enforced against the introduction of new dangerous pests. Several harmful species of Bactracera are found in East Asian region, such as two endemic orange pests, viz. the Chinese Citrus Fly (B. minax ) and the Japonese Orange Fly (B. tsuneonise), as well as the Oriental Fruit Fly (B. dorsalis) and the Melon Fruit Fly (B. cucurbitae); The present comprehensive revision is based upon the examination of most type- and nontype specimens from East Astan region and brings together as much as possible the information on these flies. In all, 655 tephritid species (about 15.6% of the world total )and 134 genera (about 27% of the world total ) are presently recognized and arranged in 3 subfamilies, 17 tribes and 7 subtribes (1 new). According to geographical distribution, most of the East Asian species belong to Palaearctic-Oriental elements, at least 253 species are considered to be endemic, and greater diversity of both species and genera of the leaf-mining trypetines are now found here. There is nodoubt that the East Asia is the key region to resolve many problems concerning phylogenetic evolution and zoogeography of the family.
Abstract; Introduction; Morphological Terminology and abbreviations; Classification; Zoologeography; Acronyms for Material Depositories
Systematics
Subfamily Dacinae: Tribe Ceratitidini; Tribe Gastrozonini; Tribe dacini
Subfamily Trypetinae: Tribe acanthonevrini; Tribe Adramini; Subtribe Adramina; Subtribe Pelmatopina; Tribe Ortalotrypetini; Tribe Phytalmiini; Tribe Trypetini; Subtribe Carpomyina;Subtribe Trypetina
Subfamily Tephritinae: Tribe Dithrycini; Subtribe Oedaspidina; Tribe Eutretini; Tribe Myopitini;Tribe Noeetini; Tribe Schistopterini; Tribe Tephrellini; Subtribe Platensinina; Subtribe Tephrellina; Tribe Tephritini; Tribe Terellini; Tribe Xyphosiini Reference; Index to Scientific Names of fruit flies; Figures 1-265; Plates I - XLI
